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  1. Choose PIO settings that are good enough to avoid having the model crash while reading input settings.
    1. Often the default settings will not work, especially on vary large or very small processor counts.  
  2. Disable history output and restart files for all components, then use short (5-10 days) simulations to determine an optional processor layout.  
    1. Without disabling IO, short simulations will be dominated by I/O costs and will give misleading performance numbers.
      1. Note that input and initialization times are not included in SYPD computations.
    2. For ATM, you can disable output by simply setting nhtfrq (described here) in user_nl_cam to something longer than the length of the model run.
    3. By default, MPAS always writes output during the first timestep. You can disable this by setting config_write_output_on_startup = .false. in user_nl_mpas-o:
  3. Once you have a reasonable processor layout without I/O, use 1 month simulations to test PIO settings.  

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