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Abstract
More than 90% of the anthropogenic emissions from the past 50 years has been absorbed by the ocean. The rate of absorption is critically dependent on small-scale turbulent fluxes of heat and momentum in the surface boundary layer of the ocean (O(100s)m deep). An accurate representation of these critical fluxes across a wide range of forcing conditions has been pursued for more than 50 years. Currently, many ocean models utilize the K-Profile Parameterization (KPP) to represent turbulent vertical fluxes of heat and momentum. KPP has performed reasonably well for coarse resolution ocean models. However, in critical regions (e.g. near the coast and high latitudes), KPP can exhibit large biases.
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